History of Lanna (Chiang Mai)
The
Ping River Valley was long a trading route between
Yunnan and the
Chao Phraya
basin.
Evidence from archeological remains has shown that early inhabitants used iron tools in the valley at least two
thousand years ago. These early people, who came to be known as the
Lawa, were later supplanted by the
Mon of the
Dvaravati period (6- 10th centuries). Drawn by trade along the river, the
Mon
chose the wide, fertile valley to found
Haripunchai (Lamphun), in the eighth century. It was the first
city-state with a "high culture" in the valley.
The rich valley also attracted King
Mangrai, a powerful
Tai leader, who captured
Haripunchai and then founded his "new capital" - Chiang
Mai - in 1296.
He chose a site typical for a
Tai city - at the foot of a mountain that
provided both water and timber.
Chiang Mai was the capital of the kingdom of
Lanna (the kingdom of a million fields), which enjoyed a
golden age throughout the 15th century. During this age the powerful inland kingdom came to control most of what now
constitutes northern Thailand, north-western Laos, the eastern Shan states of Burma and
Xishuangbanna in
southern
Yunnan. The religion of the kingdom -Theravada
Buddhism - gave rise
to a cultural wealth whose influence was to be felt beyond the kingdom's boundaries down the centuries.
However,
Lanna was caught between the Burmese, united under King
Bayinnaung of
Pegu, and
the Siamese Thai of
Ayutthaya.
Lanna fought several times against
Ayutthaya in the 14th and
15th centuries, draining the strength of the kingdom. Weakened by internal struggles for the throne and by oppression,
the city fell to the Burmese forces of King
Bayinnaung in 1558.
For over two centuries (1558-1774) Chiang Mai was under Burmese control. The fortunes of Chiang Mai declined for the
Burmese exploited the city-state for military purposes in their wars with Ayutthaya. Rebellion brought suppression.
Eventually northern Thai forces allied with the Siamese drove the Burmese out, but Chiang Mai was so weak that it
was totally abandoned.
With Siamese help,
Chao Kawila of
Lampang repopulated Chiang
Mai with local people and with
Tai Yai (Shan),
Tai Khoen from
Kengtung, and
Tai
Yong from
Muang Yong east of
Kengtung; he formally re-established Chiang Mai in 1796. To
this day many of the people of Chiang Mai and
Lamphun find their ethnic origins in the
Tai groups who
came here under
Kawila.
Allied to the Siamese Thai, Chiang Mai gained strength.
During the 19th century
increasing Western interests in the teak forests of the north, however, forced King
Chulalongkorn (Rama V) of
Siam to take over the administration in 1892. In the second half of the century, the first Westerners as well as large
numbers of overseas Chinese established themselves in the valley.
Economic integration with Siam, (which came to be named Thailand in 1949) became firmer with the opening of the
railway in 1921. However, the historical trade routes to the north - to
Jinghong in
Xishuangbanna
prefecture of
Yunnan and
Kengtung in Myanmar - have been blocked by political barriers for much of
the century.
Thus Chiang Mai remained a quiet city until tourism brought the development boom of the seventies and eighties.
The last twenty years has seen the development of the modern city and consumer work culture. The growth of the
Bangkok metropolis to saturation has partly encouraged this. The present population of Chiang Mai province totals
almost 1.5 million people, with well over 200,000 making their home in Chiang Mai area. Plans to reopen trade routes
that link Chiang Mai to its original sphere of influence as the capital of
Lanna provide a bright prospect for
Chiang Mai 700 years after its foundation.
| Picture |
Hotels |
Class |
Location |
Price |
 |
Angkhang Nature Chiangmai |
 |
Angkhang |
1,631 THB |
 |
Arun Tara Hotel Chaing Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,169 THB |
 |
Assaradevi Villas & Spa Chiang Mai |
|
Hangdong |
1,433 THB |
 |
At Niman Conceptual Home Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,358 THB |
 |
At Pingnakorn Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
991 THB |
 |
Ayatana Hamlet & Spa Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,886 THB |
 |
Baan Gong Kham Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
943 THB |
 |
Baan Klang Doi Resort & Spa Chiang Mai |
|
Hangdong |
754 THB |
 |
Baan Namping Riverside Village Chiang Mai |
|
Saraphee |
1,274 THB |
 |
Baan Rai Lanna Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,132 THB |
 |
Baan Saen Doi Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,358 THB |
 |
Ban Sabai Spa Village Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,226 THB |
 |
Bann Tazala Exclusive Residence Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,169 THB |
 |
Belle Villa Resort |
|
Hangdong |
1,603 THB |
 |
Bodhi Serene Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,546 THB |
 |
Botanic Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Rim-Samoeng |
943 THB |
 |
Bua Saree Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Saraphee |
1,202 THB |
 |
Buaraya Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Ampur Muang |
708 THB |
 |
Bulun Buri Resort Chiang mai |
|
Hangdong |
434 THB |
 |
Buri Gallery House Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,019 THB |
 |
Calvary Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,274 THB |
|
Calvary Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Rim |
1,274 THB |
 |
Centara Duangtawan Hotel Chiang Mai |
 |
Chiang Mai City |
1,179 THB |
 |
Chiang Mai Gate |
|
Chiang Mai City |
688 THB |
 |
Chiang Mai Hills hotel |
|
Huay Kaew |
802 THB |
 |
Chiang Mai Orchid Hotel |
|
Huay Kaew |
1,179 THB |
 |
Chiang Mai Plaza Hotel |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,132 THB |
 |
D2 Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,809 THB |
 |
De Chai The Colonial Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,839 THB |
 |
De Naga Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,549 THB |
 |
Downtown Inn Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
708 THB |
 |
Eco Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
918 THB |
 |
Eurasia Chiang Mai Hotel |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,359 THB |
 |
Fern Paradise Baan Suan San Sai Chiang Mai |
|
Sansai |
2,124 THB |
 |
Fondcome Village Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Hangdong |
1,226 THB |
 |
Four Seasons Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Rim |
12,816 THB |
 |
Fuengfah Riverside Garden Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Rim |
2,294 THB |
 |
Furama Chiang Mai |
|
Huay Kaew |
1,037 THB |
 |
Galare Guesthouse Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
671 THB |
 |
Gassan Khuntan Golf & Resort Chiang Mai |
|
San Kamphaeng |
1,132 THB |
 |
Gassan Lake City Golf & Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Saraphee |
1,132 THB |
 |
Golden Cupids Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Sansai |
1,358 THB |
 |
Green Lake Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
849 THB |
 |
Holiday Garden Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
660 THB |
 |
Horizon Village & Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Doi Saket |
1,226 THB |
 |
Imm Hotel Thaphae Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
708 THB |
 |
Jirung Health Village Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Rim |
3,489 THB |
 |
Kantary Hills Chiang Mai Hotel |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,141 THB |
 |
Kao Mai Lanna Resort |
|
Huay Kaew |
1,415 THB |
 |
kiree Thara Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,320 THB |
 |
Krisdadoi Chiangmai Aprime Resort |
|
Hangdong |
1,037 THB |
 |
Lanna Boutique Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
566 THB |
 |
Lanna Mantra Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Parton |
1,415 THB |
 |
Lanna Palace 2004 Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
991 THB |
 |
Le Meridien Chiang Mai Hotel |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,206 THB |
 |
Lotus Hotel Pang Suan Kaew Chiang Mai |
|
Huay Kaew |
1,104 THB |
 |
Maekok River Village Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Ai |
2,169 THB |
 |
Manathai Village ChiangMai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,546 THB |
 |
Mandarin Oriental Dhara Dhevi, Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
11,837 THB |
 |
Maninarakorn Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
754 THB |
 |
Marisa Boutique Resort & Spa Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,132 THB |
 |
Mercure Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,037 THB |
 |
Na Thapae Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
962 THB |
 |
Noble Place Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
566 THB |
 |
Palm Springs Hotel & City Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
754 THB |
 |
Parasol Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
867 THB |
 |
People Place Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
538 THB |
 |
Pornping Hotel Chiang mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
935 THB |
 |
Prince Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
680 THB |
 |
Puripunn Baby Grand Boutique Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,263 THB |
 |
Rachamankha Flora House Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
849 THB |
 |
RarinJinda Wellness Spa Resort Chiangmai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
4,715 THB |
 |
RatiLanna Riverside Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,568 THB |
 |
Rawee Waree Resort & Spa Chiang Mai |
|
A.Maetang |
2,641 THB |
 |
Rimping Village Chiangmai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,075 THB |
 |
Royal Lanna Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
896 THB |
 |
Royal Princess Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,780 THB |
 |
Royalping Garden & Resort Chiang Mai |
|
A.Maetang |
1,132 THB |
 |
Shangri-La Chiang Mai Hotel |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,301 THB |
 |
Singha Montra Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
2,169 THB |
 |
Sira Boutique Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,037 THB |
 |
Sri Ping Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,603 THB |
 |
Star Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
680 THB |
 |
Studio99 Serviced Apartments Chiangmai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,320 THB |
 |
Suan Bua Hotel & Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Hangdong |
849 THB |
 |
Sukantara Cascade Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Mae Rim |
3,961 THB |
 |
Tamarind Village Hotel |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,206 THB |
 |
Tarin Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
802 THB |
 |
The Empire Residence Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,037 THB |
 |
The Grand Napat Apartment Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,226 THB |
 |
The Imperial Chiang Mai Resort & Sport Club |
|
Mae Rim |
1,359 THB |
 |
The Imperial Mae Ping Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,614 THB |
 |
The International Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
462 THB |
 |
The Park Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
802 THB |
 |
The Rachamankha Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
4,432 THB |
 |
The Small Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
1,085 THB |
 |
U Hotel Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,831 THB |
 |
Veranda The High Resort & Spa Chiangmai |
|
Hangdong |
5,013 THB |
 |
Yaang Come Village Resort Chiang Mai |
|
Chiang Mai City |
3,867 THB |
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